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Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Estonia

The constitution declares there is no state church and protects the freedom of individuals to practice their religion.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Netherlands

The constitution prohibits religious discrimination and protects the freedom of individuals to profess their religion or belief. It is a crime to engage in public speech inciting religious hatred.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Hungary

The Fundamental Law, the country’s constitution, provides for freedom of religion, including freedom to choose, change, or manifest religion or belief, cites “the role of Christianity” in “preserving nationhood,” and values “various religious traditions.”


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Cyprus

The government of the Republic of Cyprus is the only internationally recognized government on the island, but since 1974 the northern third of Cyprus has been administered by Turkish Cypriots.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Cyprus—Area Administered by Turkish Cypriots

The government of the Republic of Cyprus is the only internationally recognized government on the island, but since 1974 the northern third of Cyprus has been administered by Turkish Cypriots.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Belarus

The constitution grants the freedom to profess and practice any religious belief but prohibits religious activities directed against the sovereignty of the state, its constitutional system, and “civic harmony.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Belgium

The constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the law prohibits discrimination based on religious orientation. Federal law bans covering one’s face in public.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Montenegro

The constitution provides for freedom of religion as well as the right to change one’s religion.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Switzerland

The constitution guarantees freedom of faith and conscience. Both the constitution and the penal code prohibit discrimination against any religion or its members.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Malta

The constitution provides for freedom of conscience and religious worship and prohibits religious discrimination.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Moldova

The constitution protects the right of individuals to practice their religion and states religious groups are independent from the state and free to organize and operate according to their own statutes.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Armenia

The constitution states that everyone has freedom of thought, conscience, and religion. It recognizes the Armenian Apostolic Church (AAC) as the national church and preserver of national identity but also establishes separation of religious organizations and the state.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Spain

The constitution guarantees freedom of religion and prohibits discrimination based on religion.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Norway

The constitution prohibits religious discrimination and protects the right to choose, practice, or change one’s faith or life stance (belief in a nonreligious philosophy).


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Luxembourg

The constitution provides for freedom of religion, including the right to practice one’s religious beliefs and express one’s religious opinions in public, and it prohibits compulsory participation in religious services or observance of religious groups’ days of rest.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Slovenia

The constitution provides for freedom of religion and the right of individuals to express their religious beliefs in public and private.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Liechtenstein

The constitution stipulates everyone is free to choose his or her faith. It makes the state responsible for “protecting the religious.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Ireland

The constitution provides for freedom of religion and prohibits discrimination on the basis of religion.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Turkey (Türkiye)

The constitution defines the country as a secular state. It provides for freedom of conscience, religious belief, conviction, expression, and worship and prohibits discrimination based on religious grounds.


Regional Affairs

2022 Report on International Religious Freedom: Bulgaria

The constitution provides for freedom of religion and conscience. Religious groups may worship without registering, but registered groups receive financial and other benefits and legal protections.